Interconnection refers to a connection method where one end of a cable or optical cable is directly connected to the other end of a cable or cable using connector components without the need for flexible cords or jumpers
Interconnection refers to a connection method that uses connecting devices to directly connect the cable or optical cable at one end to the optical cable or cable at the other end without plugging in flexible wires or jumpers.
The so-called network interconnection is to use of network interconnection equipment to connect computer networks distributed in different regions to form a larger network system and realize a wider range of data communication and network resource sharing. The interconnected networks can be the same type of network, different types of networks, and devices and systems running different protocols.
To achieve network interconnection, select a corresponding protocol layer on different network architectures so that starting from this layer, the high-level protocols in the interconnected network devices are the same, and the differences in the low-level and hardware can be Through this layer of shielding, the applications of network users can communicate with each other. For network users, the interconnected network structure is transparent.
Through network interconnection technology, we can connect different networks or the same network with interconnection devices to form a larger network. The Internet is a network of various types connected through network interconnection technology.
To achieve network interconnection, the key is to be transparent. That is to say, the interconnection of any network just feels that more users are added on the network to the network users, and does not need to make any changes to the architecture of the interconnected networks. More specifically, the structure of the "interconnected" network is transparent to all users.
There are many different classifications of computer networks. Among them, classification according to the scope of the network is the most common one, generally divided into LAN, MAN, and WAN. Due to the development and change in technology, MAN is rarely proposed as a network type alone. Therefore, depending on the type of network, network interconnection can be LAN-LAN interconnection or LAN-WAN (or WLAN-LAN) interconnection.
Network interconnection can be realized at different levels of the network architecture, mainly in the following categories.
(1) The physical layer is interconnected. Repeaters or hubs are used at the physical layer to amplify and repeat signals between different cable segments. Conceptually, transponders and hubs are just a kind of signal amplification equipment, and their function is only to expand the coverage of the network. Strictly speaking, transponders do not belong to the relay system for realizing multi-network interconnection.
(2) The data link layer realizes interconnection. The data link layer uses bridges or switches to store and forward data frames between LANs.
(3) The network layer realizes the interconnection. The network layer uses routers to store and forward packets between different networks.
(4) Interconnection is realized above the network layer. The network interconnection device is used at the transport layer and the application layer is a gateway. Gateways provide a higher level of interconnection.
LAN-LAN interconnection is usually realized on the physical layer or the data link layer. Smaller networks use repeaters (hubs) or bridges (switches), and larger networks may also use routers. This is because, in a small network, the main problem to be solved is the interconnection of network segments and conflict domains; when the network scale is large, the broadcast domain problem will rise from a secondary problem to a major problem, so it is necessary to use a The router comes into the network giant connection.
LAN-WAN interconnection is to enable LANs of different enterprises or institutions to access a larger integrated network system, such as access to the Internet. Although the communication lines, network protocols, and network operating systems they use, and even their network architectures are quite different, these local area networks (often including various host systems) must be integrated with this integrated network.Coexistence and interoperability.
Therefore, the interconnection between LAN-WAN can only be realized at the network layer or higher, and the interconnection device used can only be a router or a gateway.
In addition, in order to improve network performance, security, and management needs, it is also considered to divide the original large network into several network segments and logical subnets, and the subnets are interconnected with network devices. For example, the application of a virtual local area network.
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