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The SYSMON functionality is built around the hard silicon block ADC (analogto-digital converter) and its interface to various on-chip sensors. When combined with a number of on-chip sensors, the ADC is used to measure FPGA’s physical operating parameters like on-chip power supply voltages and on-die temperature. The ADC provides a general-purpose, high-precision analog interface for a range of applications. The external analog interface inputs allow the ADC to monitor the physical environment of the board or enclosure. As soon as the FPGA is powered up, even before it is configured for any application purpose, the SYSMON is already activated and starts functioning. At this point, its functionality is restricted to the measurement of on-chip parameters only. This data can be accessed through JTAG or with dedicated I2C interface. Even if the SYSMON is not part of the FPGA based design, it is still accessible through these interfaces.
To understand further about SYSMON, let us look at the block diagram as shown in Fig. 16.1.
Access to external analog world is provided through a dedicated analog input pair (VP/VN) and 16 user-selectable analog inputs, known as Auxiliary Analog inputs. The ADC supports differential sampling of unipolar and bipolar analog input signals. The ADC has different range of operating modes to handle the external analog inputs. SYSMON block includes a rich set of Configuration Registers. These registers are classified into different groups like Control Register, Alarm Register, and Status Register.
SYSMON operates at very low-voltage level in UltraScale FPGA devices either using the external reference source (1.25 V) or on-chip voltage source (VCCAUX 1.8 V). If the requirement is restricted only to monitor the on-chip temperature and voltages, then it is always beneficial to use the on-chip voltage source as reference.
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