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Home > FPGA Technical Tutorials > FPGAs: World Class Designs > Programming (Configuring) an FPGA > ANTIFUSE-BASED FPGAS

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ANTIFUSE-BASED FPGAS

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In the case of antifuse-based FPGAs, the antifuse cells can be visualized as  scattered across the face of the device at strategic locations. The device is  placed in a special device programmer, the configuration (bit) file is uploaded  into the device programmer from the host computer, and the device programmer uses this file to guide it in applying pulses of relatively high voltage and  current to selected pins to grow each antifuse in turn.

A very simplified way of thinking about this is that each antifuse has a   “ virtual ” x-y location on the surface of the chip, where these x-y values are  specified as integers. Based on this scenario, we can visualize using one group  of I/O pins to represent the x value associated with a particular antifuse and  another group of pins to represent the y value. 

Once all of the fuses have been grown, the FPGA is removed from the  device programmer and attached to a circuit board. Antifuse-based devices are,  of course, one-time programmable (OTP) because once you’ve started the programming process, you’re committed and it’s too late to change your mind.

—Technology Trade-offs—

● Unlike SRAM-based FPGAs, FLASH-based devices are nonvolatile. They  retain their configuration when power is removed from the system, and  they don’t need to be reprogrammed when power is reapplied to the system  (although they can be if required).  
● Also, FLASH-based devices can be programmed in-system (on the circuit  board) or outside the system by means of a device programmer.



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