TABLE OF CONTENTS

• Preface
• Introduction
  • The Mojo
  • FPGAs Versus Microcontrollers: A Comparison
  • Setting Up Your Environment
• Your First FPGA Project
  • Creating a New Project
  • Understanding Modules
  • Representing Values
  • Using Always Blocks
  • Connecting the Button
  • Building Your Project
  • Loading Your Project
  • Some Notes on Hardware
  • Duplication
  • Array Indexing
  • Always Block Priority
• Combinational Logic
  • IO Shield
  • Logic Functions
  • Bitwise Operators
  • Reduction Operators
  • Math
  • Common Subcircuits
• Sequential Logic
  • Feedback Loops and Flip-Flops
  • Timing and Metastability
• Seven-Segment LED Displays and Finite-State Machines
  • Single Digit
  • Lookup Tables
  • Binary to Decimal
  • The Finite-State Machine
  • The Stopwatch
• Hello AVR
  • The AVR Interface
  • ROMs
  • The Greeter
  • Getting Personal with RAM
• Mixing Colors with an RGB LED
  • External I/O Constraints
  • Getting Fancy with PWM
  • Register Interface
• Analog Inputs
  • The AVR Interface
  • All the Channels
• A Basic Processor
  • What Is a Processor?
  • Initial Design
  • The Processor
  • The Assembler
• FPGA Internals
  • General Fabric and Routing Resources
  • Special Primitives
• Advanced Timing and Clock Domains
  • Breaking Timing and Fixing It with Pipelining
  • Crossing Clock Domains
• Sound Direction Detection: An Advanced Example
  • Theory of Operation
  • Implementation Overview
  • Implementation
• Lucid Reference
  • Modules
  • Expressions
  • Literal Values
  • global Blocks
  • Array Size and Bit Selection
  • Comments