Design of Infrared Moving Target Recognition and Tracking System Based on DSP and FPGA

Compared with general-purpose integrated circuits, ASIC chips have the advantages of small size, light weight, low power consumption, and high reliability. In addition, they can reduce costs when used in large quantities. Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) is developed on the basis of dedicated ASIC, which overcomes the shortcomings that dedicated ASIC is not flexible enough. Compared with other small and medium-sized integrated circuits, its main advantage is that it has strong flexibility, that is, its internal specific logic functions can be configured according to needs, and it is convenient to modify and maintain the circuit. The biggest feature of the DSP+FPGA structure is its flexible structure and strong versatility. It is suitable for modular design and can improve the efficiency of the algorithm. At the same time, its development cycle is short, the system is easy to maintain and expand, and it is suitable for real-time digital signal processing. This article describes the design of an infrared moving target recognition and tracking system that can be applied to military reconnaissance.

Design tasks and requirements The input signal of the infrared moving target tracking and recognition system is an analog or digital video signal provided by an infrared camera. The system uses a digital video processing card based on the C6X series high-speed DSP to process infrared digital video sequences in real time to complete the search, capture, tracking, and memory of moving targets; and displays infrared video images on a PC in real time to give moving targets in real time The spatial coordinates of the generated target area feature data to complete the real-time storage or remote transmission of the image of the target area. The hardware module needs to provide hardware support for the realization of the system function, that is, to provide the underlying physical support suitable for the system function, including the processing speed and storage capacity.

Analog video digitization precision requirements: AD precision is 8bit; digital video channel requirements: receive data according to RS422 transmission protocol, pixel precision 14bit; image processing time per field 40ms; search capture time: 0.2 ~ 1s; capture tracking time 120ms; 25 frames/s real-time identification and tracking of moving targets (that is, the current field data must be processed before the next field data arrives, and the computer outputs the processing results and displays the video image), and gives the target position and field image; interface with the computer It is a PCI interface.

UNIT 1 module is based on the standard 32-bit +5V PCI bus and is equipped with a very large-scale programmable chip (DSP, FPGA), which has extremely strong computing and processing capabilities.

The function of UNIT 2 module is mainly to realize the detection and tracking of moving targets under the moving background. Considering the real-time requirements of the system, the moving target detection in a moving background uses a differential technique based on camera motion compensation. First, the global motion caused by the camera motion is compensated, and the compensated sequence image is subjected to differential operation; then the motion disturbance region caused by the target motion is searched in the difference domain; and finally, the motion target is extracted on the original video image. At the same time, the prediction technology is used to estimate the possible location and existence area of the target, so as to achieve real-time and accurate tracking (or memory) of the target. The system software is divided into four status modules according to its working status: search, capture, tracking, and memory tracking. The system operates in accordance with the four states of search, capture, tracking, and memory tracking and their conversion to achieve real-time detection and tracking of moving targets.

The main function of UNIT 3 module is to realize the data communication and information interaction between the hardware module and the upper application. The system adopts the single-cycle read/write of PCI 9054 Target; in order to meet the real-time transmission and processing requirements of 25 frames per second of image data transmission, the PCI 9054 Scatter/Gather DMA data transmission is adopted. In the information exchange of the entire system, a one-time handshake protocol is adopted, that is, a request-to-one response protocol.

The main functions of the UNIT 4 module are to download the DSP tracking program to the hardware module, start/stop the DSP, display the scene video in real time, store the moving target sequence in real time, and analyze the basic characteristics of the moving target sequence in real time and display the results.

The above is the sharing about the design of the infrared moving target recognition and tracking system based on DSP+FPGA, I hope it will be helpful to you.